Author: CCW

“The only-begotten Son who is in the bosom of the Father; he has made him known”

The historian and philosopher John Lukacs in ‘At the End of An Age’ (2002), quotes Feuerbach’s statement that “the old world made spirit parent of matter. The new makes matter parent of spirit,” noting that it is “as good a summation of the historical philosophy of materialism as any” (p. 130). It is a view (early 19th cent.) that predates both Darwin and Marx and remains the dominant assumption for “the overwhelming majority of scientists as well as computer designers” who see the world and its future in this materialistic way. But, as Lukacs says, “they are wrong” (p. 131). Materialist philosophies, ancient and modern, are but one chapter in the history of Science. The assumption that “the universe is written in the language of mathematics is entirely outdated” (p. 112). At the very least it makes the epistemological error of conflating what belongs to the mental and intellectual world of mathematics with the physical and empirical world of nature.

The over-mathematization of the natural sciences, especially Physics ends up “explaining matter away” leaving us with “a complex but essentially empty scaffolding of abstract mathematical entities” yet recognizing more and more “the intrusion of mind into matter” (p. 131). The counter to this false sense of Objectivity – the idea of reality as completely mind-independent, the world which most of us have assumed and grown up in, has been shattered from within the world of Physics and not just by those who in the post-modern philosophies of reaction default to its opposite, namely, reality as completely mind-dependent, an over-exaggeration of Subjectivism which simply asserts the opposite – all mind and no matter.

The point is that these approaches conflict and contradict each other in failing to recognize the “confluences of mind and matter, indeed, of mind preceding matter” (p. 131). It is the reciprocity between human thinking and the world that is there for thought that is the essential concern. Now all of this is but prelude to the matter, pun intended, of the Trinity, the essential mystery of the Christian faith, a mystery which we can only enter into but not control or possess; it is the mystery of God himself who by definition is incomprehensible in terms of finite human thinking and yet makes himself known to us through the images of nature and word, especially the words of Scripture and in our liturgy that are set before us today. This is captured in my text from John’s Gospel, “the only-begotten Son who is in the bosom of the Father; he has made him known.” It complements both the Gospel reading about being born again, or anew or upward with the lesson from Revelation about a door being opened in heaven.”

It is only through the images of Scripture and our thinking upon them that we can enter into an understanding of the mystery of God, our world and ourselves.

All our beginnings and all our endings have their place of meeting in the Trinity. It is the one thing essential. No Trinity, no Christianity. “No one can say ‘Jesus is Lord’, except by the Holy Ghost.” To say “Jesus is Lord” is to make a Trinitarian statement.

Essential Christianity is Trinitarian. What do I mean? That the doctrine of the Trinity is essential to Christian identity, corporately and individually. You are baptized in the Name of the Trinity, God the Father, the Son and the Holy Ghost. At Holy Communion, we participate in nothing less than the Son’s Thanksgiving to the Father in the Spirit. Our liturgy is full of the Trinity.

(more…)

Print this entry

“He shall teach you all things, and bring all things to your remembrance,
whatsoever I have said unto you.”

Pentecost is the alpha and omega of all the festivals of the Church year, the life-force, if you will, of their essential meaning. In every liturgy we are gathered and taken up in the Spirit. It would be hard to say which is greater,, the mystery of Christ’s incarnation, incarnatio Dei, the incarnation of God, or inspiratio hominis, the mystery of our inspiration, the inspiration of man. They are intimately bound together. Pentecost is not simply an add-on, one more item in a list of things, but brings out the essential unity of all that pertains to our life in the mystery of God. “Come, Holy Ghost, our souls inspire, and lighten with celestial fire … Teach us to know the Father, Son, and thee, of both, to be but One”. Who, not what is the Holy Spirit? Nothing less than the love-knot of the Father and the Son, binding God with God; the love-knot too that unites the two natures, the humanity and divinity of Jesus, God with man, and the love-knot that gathers and unites us to God and to one another, making us “partakers of the divine nature”.

For this day marks a royal exchange: “whereby, as before He of ours [our nature], so now we of His are made partakers. He clothed with our flesh, and we invested with His Spirit”. In Christ, God partakes our human nature so that we should be partakers of his divine nature. As Tertullian puts it, the coming of Christ was the fulfilling of the Law, the Old Testament, while the coming of the Holy Ghost is the fulfilling of the Gospel, the New Testament.

This is not abstract talk but the truth of the images of Scripture, especially on this day, the Feast of Pentecost, commonly called Whitsunday. The very names point to the paradoxes of spiritual life, of unity expressed through difference. Pentecost refers to the fiftieth day, looking back to the Jewish Passover (now the Christian Easter), on the one hand, and Whitsunday, meaning White Sunday, even though the liturgical colour is red, symbolic of the tongues of fire resting upon the Apostles of the New Testament, on the other hand. Why white? Because of baptism; our incorporation into the life of God through Word and Spirit, our being incorporated into Christ’s death and life. We are like those, as Revelation puts it, who have “washed their robes, and made them white in the blood of the Lamb.” The paradoxes of revelation require our thinking through the images and grasping their unity in understanding. Pentecost signals the constant necessity of sticking close to the images and thus to their meaning as opposed to the modern tendency to fly from images into various forms of abstraction or the problem of reification, turning metaphors and images and behaviours into things, or objects but only through abstract categories of indeterminacy. This is a failure of thinking and a negation of the power of language and the importance of metaphor.

(more…)

Print this entry